Chapters

8 Chapters | 37:26 |

01

Bootstrapping Micro-Symfony

9:16
02

AppBundle, Routing and Annotations

4:53
03

Container, Twig: All Smooth

2:14
04

Web Debug Toolbar and Profiler

2:16
05

dotenv: Environmental Variables

3:24
06

Environments

7:14
07

Where's my app/console

2:59
08

Logging and Adding other Tools

5:10

This tutorial has a new version, check it out!

> Symfony 3 > The Symfony Micro-Framework

Buy Access to Course

03.

Container, Twig: All Smooth

Autoplay

Keep on Learning!

If you liked what you've learned so far, dive in! Subscribe to get
access to this tutorial plus video, code and script downloads.

Start your All-Access Pass

Buy just this tutorial for $10.00

Previous Chapter

Next Chapter

When you want to render a template, you'll usually extend Controller and it'll give you a bunch of shortcuts, including render(). That's a great idea. But I'll extend ContainerAware instead:

            
Copy Code

Show All Lines

                        24 lines
            |
            AppBundle/Controller/MightyMouseController.php
        
Show Lines

                                                    // ... lines 1 - 4
                            
            use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\ContainerAware;
        
Show Lines

                                                    // ... lines 6 - 8
                            
            class MightyMouseController  extends ContainerAware
        
            {
        
Show Lines

                                                    // ... lines 11 - 22
                            
            }

That gives access to the service container, but not the shortcut methods. So I can't say $this->render(), but I can say $html = $this->container->get('twig') and then call render() on it. Render mighty_mouse/rescue.html.twig and pass it a quote variable. But that's just HTML - so wrap it in a Response and return:

            
Copy Code

Show All Lines

                        24 lines
            |
            AppBundle/Controller/MightyMouseController.php
        
Show Lines

                                                    // ... lines 1 - 8
                            
            class MightyMouseController  extends ContainerAware
        
            {
        
Show Lines

                                                    // ... lines 11 - 13
                            
                public function rescueAction()
        
                {
        
                    $html = $this->container->get('twig')->render(
        
                        'mighty_mouse/rescue.html.twig',
        
                        array('quote' => 'Here I come to save the day!')
        
                    );
        
                    return new Response($html);
        
                }
        
            }

Now, where do templates live? Usually, it's app/Resources/views. But we've moved everything up and out of app/. So our path is just Resources/views: add those directories and a mighty_mouse folder inside. Create rescue.html.twig and extend the base template. We don't have a base template yet, but we will soon. In {% block body %} print out the quote:

            
Copy Code

                        6 lines
            |
            Resources/views/mighty_mouse/rescue.html.twig
        
            {% extends 'base.html.twig' %}
        
            {% block body %}
        
                <h1>{{ quote }}</h1>
        
            {% endblock %}

Now add base.html.twig in Resources/views. Let's steal again from the Standard Edition. Find app/Resources/views/base.html.twig, copy it, and paste it in ours:

            
Copy Code

                        13 lines
            |
            Resources/views/base.html.twig
        
            <!DOCTYPE html>
        
            <html>
        
                <head>
        
                    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
        
                    <title>{% block title %}Welcome!{% endblock %}</title>
        
                    {% block stylesheets %}{% endblock %}
        
                    <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="{{ asset('favicon.ico') }}" />
        
                </head>
        
                <body>
        
                    {% block body %}{% endblock %}
        
                    {% block javascripts %}{% endblock %}
        
                </body>
        
            </html>

Ok, give it a try. Unable to find template "mighty_mouse/rescue.html.twig". Hmm I bet I have a typo. Yep, my directory was called might_mouse. I went a bit too micro on the name there. Fix that and try again. It's alive!

Tip

After creating the views/ directory for the first time, you'll need to clear your Symfony cache, or the template won't be found. That's probably a small Symfony bug, that hopefully we can fix!

Now, let's add the web debug toolbar.

19 Comments

Sort By

Maksym Minenko 5 years ago

This tutorial needs updating, I believe.

| Reply |

Victor SFCASTS Maksym Minenko 5 years ago

Hey Maksym,

Could you provide a bit more information? What do you think we should update here? Thanks!

Cheers!

| Reply |

Maksym Minenko Victor 5 years ago

For example, ContainerAware is deprecated.
Also I would like to know more about the MicroKernelTrait.

| Reply |

weaverryan SFCASTS Maksym Minenko 5 years ago

You're absolutely right :). Fortunately, that's an easy change - there's now a ContainerAwareTrait you can use instead (no other code needs to be changed).

And actually, this tutorial is part of what inspired me to "invent" the MicroKernelTrait in Symfony :). I wrote the docs about it also for Symfony.com - http://symfony.com/doc/curr....

We will likely do a tutorial on it, but not in 2016 (we have other tutorials planned). I have noted this request though, that helps push things up in priority :). But if you have any questions or are wondering something, let me know - I love to chat about the MicroKernelTrait! :)

Cheers!

1 | Reply |

Moises Cano 5 years ago

I'm stuck. I started this project but ContainerAware is deprecated in Symfony3. I don't know what to do, and am now wondering if I should try Silex, or if this is still a good solution.

| Reply |

weaverryan SFCASTS Moises Cano 5 years ago edited

Hey Moises!

Ah, I'm glad you commented about that! You're right that ContainerAware is gone in Symfony3. That's ok - it was just moved to be a trait. So now:


use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\ContainerAwareTrait;

class MightyMouseController
{
    use ContainerAwareTrait;
}

That'll do the same thing as before :). Also, in Symfony 2.8, I introduced a new MicroKernelTrait that helps to make creating a "micro Symfony app" like the one in this tutorial easier (in fact, this MicroKernelTrait was inspired by some of the "extra" work that felt unnecessary in this tutorial). I'm planning on adding an updated tutorial about this sometime, but I've written documentation already (http://symfony.com/doc/current/cookbook/configuration/micro-kernel-trait.html) and a finished example application (https://github.com/weaverryan/docs-micro_kernel/tree/finished) with multiple micro kernels.

I hope that helps!

| Reply |

Moises Cano weaverryan 5 years ago

NICE!!!!! Thanks a lot.

| Reply |

Nina 5 years ago

Hello

Which command should I use for clearing cache?

| Reply |

Victor SFCASTS Nina 5 years ago

Hey Nina,

"$ bin/console cache" will show you available commands which contain "cache" in its name. I'll find a few commands, but for clearing the cache use: "$ bin/console cache:clear". But this command clears only environment specific cache, by default it's dev. If you want to clear the cache for prod environment, use: "$ bin/console cache:clear --env=prod", etc. Or, you can clear all the cache manually with "rm -rf var/cache/*".

Cheers!

| Reply |

Nina Victor 5 years ago

Thanks for reply
But in the micro framework we don't have bin/ directory
if I use:
php console cache

I have error
> php console cache

Fatal error: Uncaught Error: Class 'Dotenv\Dotenv' not found in C:\OpenServer\domains\symfony.microframework\console on line 16

Error: Class 'Dotenv\Dotenv' not found in C:\OpenServer\domains\symfony.microframework\console on line 16

Call Stack:
0.0002 365816 1. {main}() C:\OpenServer\domains\symfony.microframework\console:0

Dump $_SERVER
$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] is undefined
$_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] is undefined
Dump $_SESSION
$_SESSION['*'] is undefined
Dump $_REQUEST

| Reply |

weaverryan SFCASTS Nina 5 years ago edited

Yo Nina!

You're right! The actual command would be php console cache:clear --env=prod, as it does not live in a command directory.

About the error, it looks like you're missing the Dotenv library, which we installed here: https://knpuniversity.com/screencast/micro-symfony/dotenv. Make sure you've installed the vlucas/phpdotenv library, and run composer install so that everything is downloaded into your vendor directory :).

Cheers!

| Reply |

Alexander Morozov 5 years ago

Can you help me, please?

I can't run code from here. When I start it i got "Unable to find template "mighty_mouse/rescue.html.twig"" error.
But when i add "views/" to $html = $this->container->get('twig')->render( 'views/mighty_mouse/rescue.html.twig', array('quote' => 'Here I come to save the day!') ); and in my controller and "{% extends 'views/base.html.twig' %}" in my rescue.html.twig all is good.

| Reply |

weaverryan SFCASTS Alexander Morozov 5 years ago

Hey Alexander!

Try clearing your cache - with a "rm -rf cache/*".

Let me know if that works. I think there might be a slight bug, where you need to clear the cache ONE time after creating your first template in the Resources directory (the Symfony standard edition doesn't have this problem since you start with a Resources directory).

Cheers!

| Reply |

Alexander Morozov weaverryan 5 years ago

Thank you Ryan!

After i deploy this project on other machine it works great with "/views/" in routings. But when I delete "views/" from routings and clear the cache, it still works great!

| Reply |

weaverryan SFCASTS Alexander Morozov 5 years ago

Awesome :) - I'm going to add a note about this!

| Reply |

Alberto Castro 5 years ago

Ryan,

When I try to use the trait ContainerAwareTrait as you explain below I cannot make the code run. I get the error:

"Error: Call to a member function get() on a non-object"

Is there something missing?

Thanks.

| Reply |

weaverryan SFCASTS Alberto Castro 5 years ago

Hi Alberto!

Hmm, are you trying to call get() from inside of __construct(). That's the only thing I can think of. If so, don't do that :). In fact, don't have a __construct() - simply fetch the services later that you need when you need them.

But if you're *not* getting this error in __construct(), let me know and paste a little more code. Because, yea, that should not happen :).

Cheers!

| Reply |

Han Solo weaverryan 5 years ago

The get() function was being called inside the rescueAction function from the tutorial, but since the ContainerAware was moved to a trait, you need to implement ContainerAwareInterface.

use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\ContainerAwareInterface;

class MightyMouseController implements ContainerAwareInterface

| Reply |

weaverryan SFCASTS Han Solo 5 years ago

Ah, you're right! That's an annoying little thing about the trait :) - you need to use the trait *and* implement the interface.

Thanks for sharing this!

| Reply |

Symfony 2

What PHP libraries does this tutorial use?

// composer.json
{
    "require": {
        "symfony/symfony": "^2.7", // v2.7.2
        "sensio/framework-extra-bundle": "^3.0", // v3.0.9
        "vlucas/phpdotenv": "^2.0", // v2.0.1
        "symfony/monolog-bundle": "^2.7" // v2.7.1
    }
}

Previous Chapter

Next Chapter

Container, Twig: All Smooth

Share this awesome video!

Keep on Learning!

19 Comments

Delete comment?

What PHP libraries does this tutorial use?

Show Lines	// ... lines 1 - 4
	use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\ContainerAware;
Show Lines	// ... lines 6 - 8
	class MightyMouseController extends ContainerAware
	{
Show Lines	// ... lines 11 - 22
	}

Show Lines	// ... lines 1 - 8
	class MightyMouseController extends ContainerAware
	{
Show Lines	// ... lines 11 - 13
	public function rescueAction()
	{
	$html = $this->container->get('twig')->render(
	'mighty_mouse/rescue.html.twig',
	array('quote' => 'Here I come to save the day!')
	);

	return new Response($html);
	}
	}

	{% extends 'base.html.twig' %}

	{% block body %}
	<h1>{{ quote }}</h1>
	{% endblock %}

	<!DOCTYPE html>
	<html>
	<head>
	<meta charset="UTF-8" />
	<title>{% block title %}Welcome!{% endblock %}</title>
	{% block stylesheets %}{% endblock %}
	<link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="{{ asset('favicon.ico') }}" />
	</head>
	<body>
	{% block body %}{% endblock %}
	{% block javascripts %}{% endblock %}
	</body>
	</html>